Your Guide on How to File Your Ohio Tax Return 2018 Efficiently

Filing your Ohio state income tax return for the 2018 tax year is still possible if you need to submit a late or amended return. This may be the case if you missed the original due date, received updated income documents, or discovered an error on your original filing. Understanding the process is essential because it ensures you meet all state requirements, avoid unnecessary penalties, and claim any refund you may be owed.

This guide is designed for individual taxpayers, sole proprietors, and small business owners who must file or update their 2018 Ohio income tax return. Whether you lived in Ohio for the whole year, part of the year, or earned income there while living elsewhere, these instructions will walk you through each step. You do not need prior tax experience to follow along—we’ve broken everything into clear, manageable sections so you can confidently prepare your return.

We’ll cover the essential details you need, including the forms required, key deadlines, and the differences between e-filing and paper filing. You’ll also learn how to make payments using your bank account, check your refund status, and avoid common filing mistakes. This step-by-step guide on filing your 2018 Ohio tax return will give you the information and tools to file correctly and on time, even if you are catching up on a past year’s return.

Overview of Ohio State Income Tax for 2018

The 2018 Ohio state income tax filing requirements applied to residents, part-year residents, and certain nonresidents with Ohio-sourced income. It's important to know who had to file, the income limits, the original and extended due dates, and any other significant changes for the tax year, even if you are filing late or submitting an amended return.

Who Needs to File

You were required to file an Ohio income tax return for 2018 if you were an Ohio resident for all or part of the year and had taxable income. Filing was also required if you were a part-year resident with income earned while living in the state or a nonresident who received income from Ohio sources. You must also file an Ohio return if you met the federal filing requirement.

Income Thresholds

For the 2018 tax year, the Ohio Department of Taxation recommended filing if your federal adjusted gross income exceeded certain levels to help avoid underpayment penalties. In most cases, you were encouraged to file if your income was more than $28,450. Filing was also advised if you had taxes withheld and wanted to claim a refund.

Original Due Date and Extension Rules for Tax Year 2018

• Original due date: April 15, 2019.
  
  
• Extended due date: October 15, 2019, if you filed federal Form 4868.
  
  
• Ohio automatically accepted a federal extension, but all taxes owed must be paid by April 15, 2019, to avoid late payment penalties and interest.

Key Changes for 2018

Several vital updates were applied to Ohio's income tax return for 2018:

• Personal and dependent exemption amounts were adjusted for inflation.
  
  
• Tax rate brackets continued to follow a tiered structure.
  
  
• E-filing requirements became mandatory for most paid preparers.
  
  
• Form consolidation replaced the previous IT 1040EZ and other individual forms with a single Ohio IT 1040.

Required Forms and Schedules

To file your original return for the 2018 Ohio income tax, you must use the correct forms provided by the Ohio Department of Taxation. The forms you need will depend on how you file your taxes, where your money comes from, and whether you can get credits or deductions. Having the correct documents prepared helps avoid delays in processing and ensures accurate results.

Main Form – Ohio IT 1040

The Ohio IT 1040 is the primary form for all individual taxpayers filing for 2018. It replaced the IT 1040EZ and other versions to create one standard form for all filing needs. This form includes sections for personal details, bank account information if you want your refund through direct deposit, and calculations for income, credits, and taxes owed.

Standard Schedules and Additional Forms

Depending on your circumstances, you may need to include one or more of the following:

• Schedule A—Income Adjustments: Used for reporting additions or deductions to your federally adjusted gross income.
  
  
• Schedule of Credits: This allows you to claim eligible credits, such as the senior citizen or retirement income credit.
  
  
• Schedule IT BUS—Business Income: This form is required if you have income from a sole proprietorship, partnership, or S corporation.
  
  
• Schedule J – Exemptions: Used to claim personal and dependent exemptions.
  
  
• IT K-1: Reports pass-through entity income.

If you owe tax when filing, you can schedule payments online or submit them by money order, check, or electronic withdrawal.

School District Income Tax Return (SD 100)

Some taxpayers must also file the Ohio SD 100 for income tax related to their school district. This form may be filed separately or along with the IT 1040. Whether through tax software or on paper, the filing method must match your situation and ensure all forms are included.

Step-by-Step Guide to Completing Your Ohio 2018 Tax Return

Filing your Ohio tax return for the 2018 tax year can seem complicated, especially if you are catching up on an original return or submitting an amended return. The process becomes much easier when you follow a structured approach. The steps below outline everything from gathering documents to calculating your refund or balance due.

1. Gather Required Documents for Your Ohio Income Tax Return

Gather all necessary documents before you start preparing your return. This step will save time, reduce mistakes, and help ensure you have the information required for an accurate filing. Common documents include:

• Income documents include W-2s from employers, 1099-INT for interest income, 1099-DIV for dividend income, 1099-R for retirement distributions, and Schedule K-1 from partnerships or S corporations.
  
  
• You should have your completed federal tax return for 2018, your Ohio return from the previous year, and a record of any estimated tax payments you made.
  
  
• Record your deductions, including evidence of your Ohio 529 plan contributions, medical savings account deposits, long-term care insurance premiums, and any other deductions permitted by Ohio law.

These are especially important if you use tax software to prepare your return. Most programs will prompt you for details, so entering them accurately from the start avoids delays or errors.

2. Complete the Header Information on Your Original Return

The top section of the Ohio IT 1040 form is where you provide your identifying information. Ensure that all details are accurate and align with what is listed on your federal return. This section includes your full legal name, address, and Social Security number.

You will also need to:

• Select your residency status for 2018 (full-year, part-year, or nonresident).
  
  
• Choose the same filing status on your federal return (single, married filing jointly, etc.).
  
  
• Check the extension box if you filed federal Form 4868 for an automatic extension.

If you are expecting a refund, this is the place to enter your bank account information for a direct deposit. This option is faster than receiving a paper check and can help you access your refund within days instead of weeks.

3. Calculate Ohio Adjusted Gross Income

Your Ohio adjusted gross income (OAGI) starts with your federal adjusted gross income (AGI) from Form 1040. On the IT 1040 form:

• Line 1: Enter your federal AGI.
• Line 2a: Add any amounts Ohio requires you to include, such as interest from other states’ municipal bonds or certain business expenses.
• Line 2b: Subtract the deductions Ohio allows, such as Social Security benefits, military pay, or municipal bond interest.

The result is your OAGI, which forms the basis for calculating your state taxable income. This calculation is necessary because errors here can affect your eligibility for exemptions and credits.

4. Determine Exemptions and Taxable Income

Exemptions reduce your taxable income and lower the amount of tax you owe. For 2018, personal and dependent exemption amounts were indexed for inflation. You can claim yourself if another taxpayer does not claim you as a dependent.

• Your spouse, if filing jointly.
  
  
• Include any dependents you have listed on your federal return.

For business owners, Schedule IT BUS is used to adjust for qualified business income before calculating their final taxable income. Follow the instructions closely so your figures match your supporting schedules.

5. Calculate Tax Liability for the 2018 Tax Year

Once your taxable income is determined, use the Ohio tax tables for 2018 to find the correct amount of tax owed. Enter this amount on the IT 1040.

• If you qualify for nonrefundable credits, such as the senior citizen credit or the joint filing credit, use the Schedule of Credits to apply them against your tax liability.
  
  
• Ensure the accuracy of your calculations to prevent any unnecessary notices or delays from the Ohio Department of Taxation.

6. Apply Payments and Credits

In this step, record all payments you have already made for the 2018 tax year. This includes:

• Ohio income tax is withheld from your wages, as shown on your W-2s.
  
  
• Estimated tax payments you sent during the year.
  You qualify for refundable credits. Suppose you owe additional taxes; you schedule payments online through OH|TAX eServices. This system allows you to set up a one-time withdrawal or a series of payments. Alternatively, you can send a money order or check with the appropriate payment voucher.

7. Determine Amount Due or Refund

Subtract your total payments and credits from your total tax liability:

• If you owe tax, pay the balance in full by the original or extended due date to avoid late payment penalties and interest.
  
  
• If you are due a refund, decide whether to apply it to next year’s estimated taxes, donate it to a designated Ohio fund, or receive it via direct deposit into your bank account.

8. Filing an Amended Return for 2018 Ohio Taxes

You may need to file an amended return if you discover a mistake on your original filing or receive updated income documents. To amend, complete a new IT 1040, check the “amended return” box, and attach Form IT RE explaining the changes. You must file within four years of the original due date to remain eligible for a refund.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Filing your 2018 Ohio tax return requires accuracy. Even minor errors can delay refunds, trigger notices from the Ohio Department of Taxation, or lead to penalties.

• Forgetting to Sign Your Return—Paper-filed returns must be signed and dated by the taxpayer (and spouse if filing jointly), or they will be rejected.
  
  
• Incorrect Social Security Numbers—Ensure that all SSNs match the Social Security cards exactly. Errors can delay processing and may require an amended return.
  
  
• Math Errors—Ensure all calculations are verified using tax software or manual methods, and compare the figures to the official 2018 Ohio tax tables.
  
  
• Missing Schedules or Attachments—To avoid losing deductions or credits, include all required forms, such as Schedule IT BUS for business income or Schedule J for exemptions.
  
  
• Wrong Mailing Address—Paper filers must use the correct 2018 address for returns with payments, refunds, or zero balances.
  
  
• Missing W-2s and 1099s – Attach all wage and income statements showing Ohio tax withheld to help prevent any refund delays.

Review your original return carefully before filing to prevent mistakes and avoid needing an amended return later.

Filing Options for Your 2018 Ohio Tax Return

When submitting your Ohio tax return for the 2018 tax year, you have two main filing options: electronic (e-file) and paper filing. Each method has advantages, requirements, and best practices that can make the process easier and more accurate. Choosing the correct method depends on your personal preferences, your comfort level with technology, and the complexity of your return.

Electronic Filing (E-File) with Tax Software

E-filing is the preferred option for most taxpayers because it combines speed, convenience, and accuracy. This method allows you to prepare and submit your original or amended return online, either through approved tax software or with the help of a professional preparer.

Advantages of e-filing include:

• Reduced errors: E-filing systems automatically calculate totals and highlight missing or inconsistent information, lowering the risk of mistakes that could trigger delays or notices.
  
  
• Faster refunds: If you choose direct deposit to your bank account, you can typically receive your refund within 7–10 business days after processing your return.
  
  
• Immediate confirmation: Once your return is submitted, you receive an electronic confirmation showing that the Ohio Department of Taxation has accepted it.
  
  
• 24/7 access: You can file anytime, day or night, without worrying about mailing deadlines or office hours.

The Ohio Department of Taxation provides free e-file options for many taxpayers based on income and filing status. Additionally, most paid preparers are required to file electronically for 2018 returns.

Paper Filing

While e-filing is faster and more convenient, some taxpayers choose or are required to file a paper return. This option may be more suitable if:

• You do not have reliable internet access or prefer not to submit personal information online.
  
  
• Your filing situation is highly complex and not supported by standard e-file systems.
  
  
• You prefer to hand-sign and physically submit your documents.

Steps for successful paper filing:

• Download the correct forms: Use the official 2018 Individual Income Tax Forms and Instructions to ensure you are completing the most up-to-date versions.
  
  
• Use the correct mailing address: The Ohio Department of Taxation has different addresses depending on whether your return includes a payment, a refund, or no balance due. Using the wrong address may delay processing.
  
  
• Include your payment, if applicable: Payments can be made by check or money order, payable to “Ohio Treasurer of State.” Always include the proper payment voucher (IT 40P for original returns or IT 40XP for amended returns).
  
  
• Consider certified mail: Sending your return via certified mail or another trackable method provides proof of mailing and delivery, which can be helpful in case of disputes.

Best Practice: Whether you file electronically or on paper, always keep a complete copy of your return, all schedules, and supporting documents for at least four years. This ensures you have records available if you need to file an amended return or respond to a notice from the Ohio Department of Taxation.

Payment Methods and Deadlines

When filing your Ohio tax return for the 2018 tax year, it’s essential to choose the payment method that works best for you and ensures your payment is processed by the due date. Whether paying online or by mail, accuracy and timeliness help you avoid penalties and interest.

Paying from Your Bank Account Through OH|TAX eServices

The Ohio Department of Taxation’s OH|TAX eServices system lets you make secure online payments directly from your bank account. This method offers:

• No processing fees for electronic funds transfers from your checking or savings account.
  
  
• Instant confirmation will be provided once your payment is submitted and approved.
  
  
• You can schedule payments in advance, provided the date is on or before the original due date.
  
  
• 24/7 access allows you to pay anytime without visiting an office or mailing a check.

Other Bank Account and Card Payment Options

If you prefer flexibility, you can use additional online methods through OH|TAX eServices:

• Debit card or credit card payments: Accepted online, though a small processing fee applies.
  
  
• Split payments: You can divide your payment between your bank account and a card to manage cash flow.
  
  
• Multiple accounts: Payments can be made from different bank accounts if necessary for your household or business.

Traditional Payment Methods – Check or Money Order

For taxpayers who prefer mailing their payment:

• Make your money order or check payable to “Ohio Treasurer of State.”
  
  
• Write your Social Security number, the tax year (2018), and the form type (IT 40P for original returns or IT 40XP for amended returns) on the memo line.
  
  
• Include the appropriate payment voucher to ensure your payment is applied correctly.
  
  
• Use the correct mailing address for payments, as listed in the 2018 Individual Income Tax Instructions, and consider sending them by certified mail for proof of delivery.

Avoiding Late Payment Penalties and Interest

Paying your balance by the original due date is critical to avoid additional costs:

• Penalty: 5% per month, up to 25% of the unpaid amount.
  
  
• Interest: Calculated daily on the remaining balance.
  
  
• Collection notices: Unpaid balances may trigger notices or collection actions from the Ohio Department of Taxation.

If you can’t pay the full amount immediately, submit your return on time and pay as much as possible. You can arrange a payment plan through OH|TAX eServices to reduce interest and penalties.

Always double-check your bank account information before submitting an online payment. Incorrect details can delay processing and result in additional penalties.

Tracking Your Refund or Balance Due

After filing your 2018 Ohio income tax return, you can track your refund or check for a balance using the Ohio Department of Taxation’s secure online tools. These resources let you monitor your account status, view payment history, and see updates on processing times.

• Where’s My Refund Tool—This is the fastest way to check your refund’s progress. You’ll need your Social Security number, filing status, and the exact refund amount. Electronic returns with direct deposit into your bank account are usually processed within 7–10 business days, while paper returns can take 6–8 weeks or longer if errors occur.
• Direct Deposit—This is the quickest refund method. It sends funds directly to your bank account, avoiding mailing delays. Always verify your routing and account numbers, ensure the account is in your name (or both spouses’ names for joint returns), and confirm it accepts ACH transfers.
• Checking Your Balance—If you owe tax on your original or amended return, use OH|TAX eServices to view your balance, confirm payments, check penalties, and make payments from your bank account or by card.

Final Filing Checklist

Before submitting your Ohio return for the 2018 tax year, take a few minutes to review your filing. Ensure you have used the correct 2018 forms, verified all calculations, and entered accurate personal information and filing status. If you request a refund, confirm that your bank account information for direct deposit is correct. Ensure all necessary documents are attached, including W-2s, 1099s, Schedule K-1s, and proof of any deductions or credits. If you owe tax, pay online through OH|TAX eServices using your bank account or card, or mail a check or money order with the correct payment voucher to the proper address. Always consider certified mail for proof of delivery. Finally, keep a complete copy of your return and attachments for at least four years in case you need them for an amended return, an audit, or other financial purposes.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What if I missed the 2018 Ohio filing due date?

If you cannot meet the April 15, 2019, deadline, you should file your 2018 Ohio tax return as soon as possible to avoid penalties and interest. Late-filing penalties can reach 25% of the unpaid tax, and interest accrues daily. Even if you cannot pay in full, filing promptly will help limit additional charges and keep you compliant with the Ohio Department of Taxation.

Can I still e-file my income tax return for Ohio in 2018?

Yes, you can still e-file certain past-year returns, including 2018, through approved tax software or with the assistance of a professional preparer. However, some older returns may need to be mailed. Check the Ohio Department of Taxation’s guidelines to confirm your eligibility. If mailing, include all required forms and attachments to avoid delays in processing your original or amended return.

What deductions do Ohio taxpayers typically overlook?

Commonly missed deductions for the 2018 tax year include Ohio 529 plan contributions, medical savings account deposits, long-term care insurance premiums, and military pay earned while stationed outside Ohio. Social Security benefits are also fully deductible in Ohio. Review your Ohio income tax return instructions carefully and attach proof of deductions to ensure you claim all eligible savings and maximize your refund.

How do I request an extension to file my Ohio tax return?

For the 2018 tax year, Ohio automatically honored a federal extension granted by filing IRS Form 4868. This extended the due date to October 15, 2019, but any taxes owed still had to be paid by April 15, 2019, to avoid penalties and interest. Always check the Ohio Department of Taxation’s current rules for requesting extensions for other tax years.

How do I file an amended return for my 2018 Ohio taxes?

To file an amended return, complete a new Ohio IT 1040, check the “amended return” box, and attach the Ohio Schedule IT RE explaining the changes. Include all updated forms and schedules. File within four years of the original due date to be eligible for a refund. Payments can be made online through OH|TAX eServices from your bank account or by mailing a check or money order.