Filing your Wisconsin tax return for 2019 may feel overwhelming initially, but it becomes much more manageable with the correct information and a straightforward process. Whether you are an individual taxpayer, a family, or a small business owner, understanding the basics will help you prepare your return with confidence and accuracy.
This guide draws directly from the Wisconsin Department of Revenue and federal tax return rules so that you have accurate and reliable instructions. Walking through the forms, deductions, and filing options lets you know what to expect before you begin. Even though the original filing deadline has passed, it is still important to file taxes as soon as possible to reduce penalties, pay any balance due, or claim a refund you may qualify for.
You’ll also find information on how to use tax filing software, how to choose between e-file and paper options, and when to consider help from a tax preparer. The goal is to make the process accessible for anyone unfamiliar with state or federal requirements while giving you the tools to complete your return correctly and on time.
Overview of Wisconsin State Income Tax for 2019
Filing a Wisconsin tax return for 2019 depended on your income level, age, and filing status. The Wisconsin Department of Revenue set specific thresholds to determine who needed to file. Even if you were not required to file based on income, you may still have needed to complete a return for other reasons, such as claiming credits or paying additional taxes.
Income Thresholds for 2019
The following table shows the gross income levels that require a tax return for Wisconsin:
Filing Status
Age as of Dec 31, 2019
Gross Income Threshold
Single
Under 65
$11,560 or more
Single
65 or older
$11,810 or more
Married Filing Jointly
Both under 65
$21,510 or more
Married Filing Jointly
One 65 or older
$21,760 or more
Married Filing Jointly
Both 65 or older
$22,010 or more
Married Filing Separately
Under 65
$10,250 or more
Married Filing Separately
65 or older
$10,500 or more
Head of Household
Under 65
$14,730 or more
Head of Household
65 or older
$14,980 or more
Other Filing Requirements
You may have needed to file taxes even if your income was below the levels above. Common examples included:
- You were claimed as a dependent on another person’s federal income tax return, and your gross income exceeded certain limits.
- You owed a penalty on an IRA, retirement plan, health savings account, or similar account.
- You were a nonresident or part-year resident with a Wisconsin gross income of $2,000 or more.
Key Tax Changes from 2018 to 2019
Several adjustments were made that affected how residents prepared their tax returns:
- The tax rate for the first income bracket was reduced from 4% to 3.86%.
- The second bracket was reduced from 5.84% to 5.04%.
- Contributions to a college savings account in Wisconsin increased to $3,280 per beneficiary ($1,640 if married filing separately).
- The tuition and fee subtraction remained at $6,974 per student, with a higher income phase-out range.
- Moving expenses deducted on the federal return had to be added back if related to relocating a Wisconsin business outside the state.
These requirements and changes meant that most residents, whether filing individually or as small business owners, must prepare their returns carefully using the correct forms and deductions.
Filing Deadlines and Extensions
The original due date for filing a Wisconsin tax return 2019 was April 15, 2020. However, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, Wisconsin adopted the federal extension and moved the deadline to July 15, 2020. This extension applies to both filing and payment requirements.
You may submit your return if you have not filed by that date. Filing late can result in interest charges of 1.5% per month and a late filing penalty of up to 25% of the tax owed. Even if you cannot pay the full amount, it is better to file taxes promptly to reduce penalties and begin payment arrangements if necessary.
It is important to note that Wisconsin automatically accepts a federal extension, so there was no need to file a separate state extension request. However, an extension only provided additional time to file, not to pay, which meant taxpayers were still expected to pay any balance due by the original deadline.
What Forms to Use
Choosing the correct forms is an essential part of filing your return. The Wisconsin Department of Revenue requires specific forms depending on residency status and individual financial circumstances.
Main Tax Forms
- Form 1 is the standard Wisconsin income tax return used by individuals who live in Wisconsin for the entire year.
- Form 1NPR is required for part-year residents and nonresidents who earned income in Wisconsin during 2019.
Common Schedules and Credits
Some taxpayers must include additional schedules with their tax return to qualify for certain credits or report specialized income. For example:
- Schedule H or H-EZ allows eligible homeowners and renters to claim the Homestead Credit if they meet income limits.
- Schedule FC or FC-A is for taxpayers who qualify for the Farmland Preservation Credit because they own or operate farmland in Wisconsin.
- Schedule CR is used when a taxpayer paid income tax to another state and wants to claim a credit to avoid double taxation.
- Schedule DE is necessary when reporting income and expenses of a disregarded entity, such as a single-member LLC.
- If you expect to owe additional taxes, you should use Form 1-ES to make quarterly estimated tax payments for the following year.
Proper forms ensure that income, deductions, and credits are reported correctly. A tax preparer or tax filing software will often automatically generate these schedules based on the information you supply.
Step-by-Step Guide to Filing Your Wisconsin Tax Return
Filing a Wisconsin tax return requires preparation and attention to detail. Following these steps can help you avoid mistakes, delays, or penalties.
Before You Begin
Gathering the proper documents before you start will make the process smoother:
- Since many Wisconsin entries depend on federal information, you should have a completed federal income tax return, such as Form 1040 or 1040-SR.
- You need all W-2 forms from your employer showing Wisconsin wages and withholding.
- You should collect any 1099 forms that report Wisconsin income and withholding.
- You will want records of estimated tax payments you made during 2019 to ensure they are applied correctly.
- You should organize documentation for deductions and credits, such as tuition expenses or contributions to a Wisconsin college savings account.
- If you claim, you must have Social Security numbers for yourself, your spouse, and your dependents.
- As a small business owner, you should gather Schedule C and all supporting records related to your business.
Completing Form 1 (Full-Year Residents)
- Enter your address, Social Security number, and filing status.
- Transfer your federal adjusted gross income from Form 1040 to the appropriate line on Form 1.
- Add back any income not taxed federally but taxable in Wisconsin, such as certain business moving expenses.
- Subtract income taxed federally but not taxable in Wisconsin, such as U.S. government bond interest.
- Calculate your Wisconsin taxable income and use the Wisconsin tax table to determine your tax.
- Apply all eligible credits, such as the homestead or farmland preservation credit, to reduce the amount you owe.
- Subtract withholding amounts and estimated payments to determine if you owe additional taxes or qualify for a refund.
- Sign and date the return. If you are filing jointly, both spouses must sign the document before submission.
Completing Form 1NPR (Part-Year Residents and Nonresidents)
- Use this form if you lived outside Wisconsin for part of the year or earned income from Wisconsin sources while living in another state.
- Accurately allocate your income between Wisconsin and other states as the instructions require.
- Attach supporting documentation, such as W-2 forms, that shows Wisconsin income and withholding.
- Double-check your entries because errors in income allocation can delay processing or reduce your expected refund.
These steps ensure your Wisconsin tax return is processed correctly and on time.
Filing Options: E-File vs Paper
Wisconsin taxpayers had several options for submitting their 2019 returns. Selecting the correct method often depended on convenience, cost, and personal preference.
E-File Options
- Wisconsin e-file, or WI file, is a free service on the Department of Revenue website. It allows residents to file taxes directly online and receive faster refunds.
- The Free File Alliance is a partnership between the IRS and several tax software providers. If your income met specific requirements, you could use participating tax filing software to file federal and Wisconsin returns at no cost.
- Commercial tax software products, such as TurboTax, H&R Block, or TaxAct, offered electronic filing for Wisconsin returns, though fees may apply depending on the version.
- A tax preparer can also file your return electronically. This option may be helpful if you have a complex return or run a small business and prefer professional assistance.
Paper Filing
- If you file on paper, you must mail your completed return to the Wisconsin Department of Revenue. The address varies depending on whether you owe taxes, expect a refund, or claim the homestead credit.
- Paper returns must be completed in black ink, signed, and free of staples or unnecessary markings. Errors in handwriting or missing signatures are common reasons for delayed processing.
- Refunds for paper returns usually take longer than those filed electronically, so e-filing is recommended if you want your money quickly.
Making a Payment
If you owed taxes for 2019, Wisconsin provided several payment methods. Choosing the right option depended on your financial situation and preferred level of convenience.
Online Payment Methods
- You can authorize a direct debit (ACH) withdrawal from your bank account when you e-file, which ensures your payment is processed immediately with no added fees.
- You may also pay directly through the Wisconsin Department of Revenue’s online portal. This service is free if you use a bank account transfer.
- Credit card payments are accepted, but they include a 2.5 percent convenience fee, with a $1 minimum. This option may be helpful if you prefer to pay through a financial institution tied to your card.
- Digital wallets such as Apple Pay or PayPal are supported through the department’s third-party processor, although convenience fees may also apply.
Paying by Check or Money Order
- If you prefer not to pay electronically, you can mail a check or money order payable to the Wisconsin Department of Revenue.
- To ensure the check is applied correctly, write your Social Security number and the phrase “2019 Form 1.”
- If you send a payment separately from your return, you should include the payment voucher (Form EPV).
Installment Agreements
- If you cannot pay your entire balance immediately, you may request an installment plan by using My Tax Account online, calling the Department of Revenue, or filing Form A-771.
- Interest continues to accrue on unpaid balances at 18 percent annually, or 1.5 percent per month, even while you are making installment payments.
- Setting a plan can help you avoid more severe consequences and ensure you remain in good standing with the state.
Tracking Your Refund or Balance Due
Once you file your tax return, you may want to know the status of your refund or confirm how much you still owe. Wisconsin provides several tools to help taxpayers stay updated.
Refund Status
- You can check your refund status online through the Wisconsin Department of Revenue’s tracker by entering your Social Security number and expected refund amount.
- You may also call automated phone lines in Madison, Milwaukee, or a toll-free number within the U.S. and Canada to get updates.
- A mobile app is available for Apple and Android devices, allowing taxpayers to quickly access refund information from their phones.
- The department typically advises waiting at least 12 weeks after filing before contacting them, although e-filed returns are processed faster than paper submissions.
- Refunds may be delayed for several reasons, including math errors, missing forms, verification of identity, or offsets for unpaid debts.
Account Balance
- If you owe taxes, you can check your balance by logging into My Tax Account, the state’s secure online portal.
- If you do not have internet access, call the Wisconsin Department of Revenue for an account update.
- Staying informed about your balance helps you manage payments, avoid missed deadlines, and reduce the interest you pay over time.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Many taxpayers make avoidable errors when completing their Wisconsin tax return. Attention to these details can save time, reduce stress, and help you receive the expected refund or pay the correct amount owed.
- Some taxpayers forget to sign their return; if it is unsigned, the Wisconsin Department of Revenue will not process it. If you are filing jointly, both spouses must sign.
- Many people fail to attach W-2s or 1099s that show Wisconsin income and withholding, which can delay refund processing or result in a balance due notice.
- Using the wrong form is a frequent error. Form 1 is for full-year residents, while Form 1NPR is required for part-year residents and nonresidents.
- Math mistakes, such as miscalculating taxable income or credits, often lead to processing delays and department adjustments.
- Some taxpayers do not report all additions required to the federal adjusted gross income for Wisconsin purposes, which can increase the amount owed after review.
- Claiming deductions or credits you do not qualify for can result in penalties, interest, or the loss of a refund.
- Small business owners sometimes overlook differences between federal and Wisconsin rules for business expenses, leading to inaccurate reporting.
Final Filing Checklist
Please review this checklist before submitting your Wisconsin tax return to ensure everything is complete. Taking a few extra minutes to verify these details can prevent costly mistakes and delays.
- Confirm that your return is fully completed, including all required lines, calculations, and personal information.
- Make sure you have attached all W-2s and 1099s that show Wisconsin withholding.
- Please include a complete copy of your federal income tax return (Form 1040 or 1040-SR) and all schedules, since Wisconsin requires this for verification.
- Attach all Wisconsin schedules and forms, such as Schedule H or CR, if they apply to your situation.
- If you owe money, ensure you have included payment or arranged a payment method, such as direct debit or an installment agreement.
- If you are due a refund, check that you provided accurate bank account information if requesting direct deposit.
- Depending on whether you owe taxes, are due a refund, or are claiming a homestead credit, use the correct mailing address for your return.
- If the Wisconsin Department of Revenue requests verification, save copies of your completed return and all supporting documents for at least four years.
- If you are filing under a federal extension, attach a copy of the extension application or note which provision applies.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you file a Wisconsin tax return for 2019?
To file a Wisconsin tax return for 2019, prepare your federal income tax return because most state forms require federal information. You can then complete Form 1 or Form 1NPR, depending on your residency. Many taxpayers choose tax filing software, IRS Direct File, or assistance from a tax preparer. Filing electronically allows you to file taxes quickly, reduce errors, and accelerate the refund process.
What if I owe taxes but cannot pay?
If you owe Wisconsin taxes but cannot pay in full, you should still file your return to avoid larger penalties. The Department of Revenue allows payment through a financial institution, credit card, or direct debit. You can also request an installment account if you need more time. Filing on time, even without full payment, is the best way to reduce interest charges and protect your money.
How do I check my refund status?
You can check your refund status online by accessing the Wisconsin Department of Revenue’s secure portal. The system requires your Social Security number and the exact refund amount expected. Refund information is also available by phone or mobile app for convenient access. Refunds may take longer if your employer has not filed wage forms, if deductions require review, or if your tax return is incomplete or requires additional processing.
Can I file amended returns for 2019?
You may file amended returns if you discover an error or forget to include deductions or income. To achieve this, you must again complete the correct Wisconsin form and note that it is an amended return. Be sure to prepare and attach all updated forms and schedules. If you have a balance due, please ensure timely payment. Determining whether you are eligible for a refund could take a few weeks.
Should I use tax software or a tax preparer?
Tax software is designed to guide you step by step, check forms for errors, and apply deductions automatically. It is often the most affordable way to prepare a return. A tax preparer may be an improvement if you own a business, have complex itemizing, or need personal advice. Either option can help you file taxes correctly, reduce mistakes, and make the process more efficient.
What deductions can Wisconsin taxpayers claim?
Wisconsin taxpayers may qualify for several deductions, depending on their situation. Examples include tuition and fees, contributions to a college savings account in Wisconsin, and private school tuition. If you are itemizing, you may also deduct expenses not allowed at the federal level. Reviewing instructions, working with tax software, or consulting a tax preparer can help you identify deductions you qualify for and ensure your return is complete and accurate.
Who should I contact if I need help with my Wisconsin tax return?
Contact the Wisconsin Department of Revenue if you need help with your Wisconsin tax return. Assistance is available online, by phone, or in person. Taxpayers can also access forms and instructions directly from the department’s website. You may need to contact the IRS if your questions involve a federal income tax return, deductions, or IRS rules. Tax software and professional preparers also guide you throughout the process.
